DARTNELL, Michael York. “Mirror of Violence: The Revolutionary Terrorism of Action Directe as an Element In The Evolution of French Political Culture, 1979-1987"
terrorismFrance.- 5th Republic (1959-....)Action directe (1979-1987)Politics. Maoism and Maoists* bibliographiePh.D. 1993. 274 P. York University (Canada), Adviser: Ross Rudolph
Action directe “was directly influenced by two gauchiste organizations active in the late 1970’s, the anarchist group GARI and Maoist organization NAPAP. As a result, a mix of anarchist and Maoist ideology characterised AD in 1979-80… Since it was closely connected to a specific context, AD’s case does not provide grounds for theoretical generalization about "terrorism". …In particular, AD reacted to the emergence of right-left political consensus in France”.